Summer is coming, and I know that it is important to use sunscreen. But, I always get confused about all the different sunscreens and SPF out there. Could you clarify the whole situation?

Yes, when you are looking at sunscreen, there are a few key things to look for and pay attention to. On each label for sunscreen, make sure you read the labels, read all the fine print, and have enough knowledge to interpret what’s on those labels. We’ll help you out here. There is important information you need to know about SPF, UVA, sunscreen key ingredients, terms often used on labels you need to be aware of, and sunscreen choices for babies.

What should I understand about SPF rating?

SPF rating refers to how well a sunscreen product works on blocking UVB (ultraviolet B) rays which generally is what causes sunburn and triggers contributions to skin cancer. Some people commonly view the SPF rating as percentage of the sun’s rays that is blocked out, but this is incorrect. When a product is rated SPF 20, it means a person’s skin will burn 20 times after without the product than with a thick coating of the sunscreen; it does NOT mean that a person can stay out in the sun 20 times longer without suffering any skin burn or damage. There is no way to stay out in the sun without suffering some skin damage or burn even with SPF 100 product.

What should I know about ultraviolet rays or UVA?

UVA rays or ultraviolet A rays are often times much more damaging to a person’s skin in causing aging, damage, and skin cancer. However, companies are not currently required to mention how well or poorly their product does in providing protection against UVA rays. Future labeling requirements will have sunscreen products rated on a four point scale in this category. For now, consumers should definitely look for sunscreen products that are protecting against broad spectrum or use one or more of the effective products seen below.

What are some of the more effective ingredients that I should be looking for in a sunscreen?

You should look for some effective and FDA-reviewed broad spectrum sunscreen ingredients such as mexoryl sx, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, ecamsule, oxybenzone, or avobenzone. Any effective sunscreen product you purchase should include one or more of those effective ingredients.

Why are the terms “waterproof” and “sunblock” misleading?

These terms are misleading, since it is impossible for a sunscreen product not to rub off to a certain degree with water or perspiration and no sunscreen product can actually block the sun’s rays. These terms are only an advertising ploy and in fact will be disallowed with the new labeling restrictions. Do not fall for these advertising ploys.

What should I look for in a sunscreen for babies?

Even if a product is labeled to be used for “babies,” you should always check with a doctor or physician before using, especially for babies under 6 months of age. Most doctors will probably suggest that you do not expose your baby to the sun at all, and fully take advantage of shields, stroller hoods, canopies, protective clothing, and to only use small amounts of a safe sunscreen on the face or other exposed areas as necessary for avoidable sun exposure.

What are some common sense advice with regards to the sun and sunscreen?

Well even if you use sunscreen you should limit the amount of time you spend in the sun as much as possible, especially during those hours the sun is blazing. Also, just because the sun is not blaring does not mean you don’t need sunscreen or UV protection! During some of the bright overcast times are when UV rays are the strongest. In addition to sunscreen, you should also wear as much protective clothing as possible such as sunglasses, hats, long sleeves, or hang out in the shade. Sunscreen is no substitute for staying out of the sun or wearing protective clothing.

The current SPA labels are confusing. Help!

Yes, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) is working on new rules regarding what companies have to put on their labels for sunscreen products. These guidelines should be finished around September of this year, and sunscreen companies will have to be in compliance within 18 months. As an example of what these new rules would encompass, the new labeling rules would ban the two confusing terms mentioned about of “waterproof” and “sunblock” but allows those sunscreen products that pass stringent tests to label themselves as water resistant or sweat resistant. Also, labels will need to say advise consumers to stay out of the sun as much as possible and to use sunscreen long with wearing protective clothing.